This study focuses on the first stage, which covers coal plants located on the coast in regions that already have nuclear power installations. The results show that:

1. There is a technical and economic basis for exploring nuclear power retrofit decarbonization.

2. This research provides a new pathway for the problem of stranded assets in China’s power sector decarbonization.

The use of high-temperature nuclear reactor modules for retrofit can save up to 1.2 trillion $ as well as retaining local jobs and economic activity in areas currently hosting coal plants, which brings to society great economic and social benefits.